ABSTRACT: Analysis of time series and panel data is a very large area of methodology. In this brief presentation of these classes of models, I am exchanging depth for breadth in an attempt to point particular types of models that may need to investigate further in doing empirical work.

ABSTRACT: The paper is an attempt to point out the role of a series of Romanian financial and credit institutions in the transfer of certain industrial companies, and in our case of mining companies from the property of foreign capital into property of the Romanian capital.

ABSTRACT: Worldwide economies are more and more linked by international economic and financial flows to globalization and economic integration phenomena that is effect and cause for them. External investments represent for investors a long-term investment abroad meanwhile for users these could be direct investments or portfolio investments.

ABSTRACT: The strategy of building-up in our country had to start from admitting the fact that there are no universal receipes available for the transition to the market economy, which imposes the necessity of taking into account the concrete conditions in the country.

ABSTRACT: The economy of the future will find its support in the progresses of science and technique, in the technologies of the future, especially in the informatics industry. In the informational society, the fundamental economical resource will no longer be capital, or land, or physical labor, but it will be knowledge. The productivity of knowledge will be decisive in the economic successes of a country or enterprise. Today, the goals of the industrial policy are more and more related to the imperatives of the informational society.
Recent models of economic growth consider research and development as the engine of the economic growth. Research and development generates two fundamental types of output: the new product or the new process itself; the technological information incorporated into new products.
Knowledge does not only mean production and export of products which incorporate a large amount of science and technology, but also the capacity of obtaining in real time information about markets, distribution channels, consumers’ preferences. In order to be able to successfully compete on the world market companies must develop a high-performance informational system, which to be integrated in the organizational structure; a high-performance informational system can only be implemented under the conditions of the existence of adequate computing equipments, therefore resulting in a positive reinforcement of the two elements.

ABSTRACT: The strategic thinking is the nucleus of a commercial society’s activity and it has in view firm’s positioning in the field of efficiency and competitivity. The substantiation of strategic management needs a unifying thinking which should give answers to the questions about the purpose, the motivation of action, the ways to be followed and the possibilities of achieving the purpose, aspects which are presented in this essay.

ABSTRACT: In a limited way of approaching the term “market” is defined as a certain geographic place, a physical point where, at certain hours and certain days, buyers and sellers meet in order to buy and sell goods. In a broad and abstract way of approaching the word “market” does not mean anymore a point that can be geographically and physically located, but the universality of relations that take place between the representatives of demand and supply for a certain product.

SOMMAIRE: Le contrôle a pour but de vérifier si les réalisations sont conformes aux prévisions. Lorsqu ‘une différence est constatée, des mesures doivent être prises afin de combler l’écart relevé. Les contrôles peuvent utiliser plusieurs instruments: des budgets, des tableaux de bord commerciaux, le diagnostics sur les activités commerciales.

ABSTRACT: In 1988 The European Council from Hanover has founded a committee leaded by Jacques Delors, president of The European Committee about that time, with the task of formulating proposals concerning legislative and economic arrangements necessary to finish The Economic and Monetary Union.
Delors recommended a plan involving three stages able to lead at a better coordination of economic and monetary policies from the EU countries, with the intention of creating a unique European currency under the administration of The Central European Bank.

ABSTRACT: Credit risk represents the possibility that the bank will suffer a loss of income because some borrowers cannot exactly follow the lender’s repayment terms from different kind of reasons. In such cases, the account of the customer inevitably becomes overdue, the granted loan turns into a non-performing credit and the lending bank registers a decline of its profit. In order to prevent such situations, commercial banks must take certain measures of reducing credit risk.

ABSTRACT: Sales management involves sales planning (the process of establishing a broad set of goals, policies and procedures for achieving objectives), organizing the sales function (by establishing sales organizations structured geographically, by product types, by market or customer classes, or by function), staffing the sales function (including recruiting salespeople and interviewing, testing and hiring them), directing the sales force (via training and motivating) and evaluating and controlling sales force performance and satisfaction.

ABSTRACT: The real base of management’s development consists in human activity, the management representing a process of orientation and direction of the human resources’ activity in the aim of achieving certain objectives. Usually, the management is considered in different ways: as process, as activity, as intervention of a group of persons (managers) and as an art/science, as object, own specific rules and principles.

ABSTRACT: Services organizations are part of society and therefore must be concerned about societal issues such as ethical, responsible behavior toward people and the environment and sensitivity to the diversity of people in the marketing environment. This view of the services organizations can be beneficial to the marketing effort. Our paper focus on the services organization’s accountability to society, especially to the communities in which it operates and to the environment in the ecological sense, ethical issues regarding each element of the marketing mix for services, trend toward increased ethical awareness.

ABSTRACT: In this paper present relationship among strategic planning and managerial control process. For begin I want present few elements about strategic planning and managerial control in order to identify link inter these elements.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents some significant aspects regarding the break-even analysis of an economic organization. The analysis will consider a case study for a company which produces a certain production volume, considering a certain value of its sales and determining its Break-Even Point, under two possible hypotheses: the first case by only operating with a normal profit, and the second one by considering a requested profit (opportunity cost) of 3%.

ABSTRACT: The mining activity performed in Romania until the year 1990 was focused mainly onto reaching high production levels, fact which has lead to neglect ecological issue and that has resulted in accumulation in time of very serious damages for the environment. Rehabilitation of mining wastes represents a constant concern of all specialists in the field of mining, biology and sylviculture, who have cooperated along the years with very good results. However, the rehabilitation process requires a lot of funds and thus causes serious economical problems.

ABSTRACT: Management computerization implies using word processors on a scale and this leads to major changes in this field of activity, changes that increase the productiveness of a company. According to specialists there’s a great variety of conceptual delimitations regarding file operating systems also called Word Processors.

ABSTRACT: Dynamic and unpredictable the contemporary decisional document meets serious changes, so that the discontinuity of changes and their even more complex characteristic have started to control the environment in which companies of this third millennium run. In the future, company will be structured according to future strategic orientation of globalization and will arrive at decisions based on collective estimations, principles and values shared by the community.

ABSTRACT: Country risk forecasts are important for individuals holding nearly any position of responsibility in an internationally oriented firm, business managers, banks, insurance companies, and public institutions, credit managers, treasurer's offices, risk management officers, strategic planning, international business officials.

ABSTRACT: The paper presents several aspects of Eminescu’s view of free exchange and protectionism in Romania, in a period when every national economy was threatened to be stifled by the Western economy, which was much more advanced. By taking over progressive ideas from European economic doctrines, Eminescu boldly elaborates a nationalist doctrine, his conception relying on the need of a technical education.

ABSTRACT: The defining coordinates of our country’s national, regional and local economic development have been determined by the way people understood the orientation of our national economy before 1989, by the major changes a new economic system implies (market economy) and by external factors. In order to ensure a high level of economic development and a regional disparity reduction, close examinations must be made concerning the identification of certain problems characteristic of each geographic area and the elaboration and implementation of programmes and policies referring to the elimination of inter and inter-regional gaps.

ABSTRACT: This article presents the recognition of revenues and implicitly of the expenses linked to the ceding of the capital assets according to I.A.S. 16 and I.A.S. 38, as of the revenues and expenses linked to the sale of the obtained production according to I.A.S. 18 and I.A.S. 2, a parallel with the Romanian accounting influences.

ABSTRACT: The gestion accountancy evolved from historical point of view, as the production of goods and the competion evolved.

ABSTRACT: The object of the commission contract is represented by performing some services regarding the settlement and the ongoing of the selling contracts at exterior.

ABSTRACT: This models type make the objective of a references domain of decisions theory applicable in the financial domain. In the speciality literature has analyzed two distinct situations: the static case and the dynamic case, situation in which it will be analyze two model’s type (the dynamic model of consumer with monetary market; the dynamic model of consumer with monetary and capital market).

ABSTRACT: One of the serious problems of the future is that ever growing production and consumption demand more and more natural resources so that in the last 100 years the exploitation of these resources has reached such a level that the running out of certain resources (minerals, fossil fuels) endangers the living conditions of future generations. The environmental awareness of the society has been enhanced and environment protectional considerations have gained greater importance in judgements about social issues.

ABSTRACT: This paper reveal some aspects of inventory held for sale according statments of federal accounting standard no.3. This statement provides accounting standards that apply to several types of tangible property, other than long term fixed assets, held by federal government agencies. The standards require historical cost or latest acquisition cost valuation of inventory held for sale and inventory held in reserve for future sale. The standards permit use of any other valuation method (e.g., standard cost) which reasonably approximates historical cost.

ABSTRACT: It is well known that Germany has a wide experience regarding the mining field. But as mining becomes more and more expansive, this industrial field is facing closure. This makes Germany to be in a position somehow similar to Romania. Of course, the specific conditions are different and the financial ressources of Germany are higher than Romania’s, but we consider that the german experience regarding economic reconversion of the mining areas and the re-qualification of those who worked in the mining industry is very usefull to be studied by the romanians; good ideas should be implemented in our economy, too.

ABSTRACT: The Romanian international touristic demand registers a diminuation tendency due to some causes such as: the low quality level of the offered touristic services, the touristic services non-diversification, the reduced amusement possibilities. The Romanian tourism promotion strategy is structured at three levels: national (the Ministry of Tourism), local (the regional promotion associations), micro (the touristic operator`s).

ABSTRACT: Reforming the public bodies of a country is the hard core of any economic reform. In this paper, through public bodies we understand public authorities, public institutions, national companies and societies and public corporations. Internal audit is the first tool of the top management of the public body in examining the whole decision making system (strategy and tactics), the efficiency, efficacy and economical aspects of every operation and decision.

RESUMÉ: Dans cette oeuvre se présente les principaux notions concernant l'exécution du budget, la relation entre les ressources financières et leur destination qui peut indiquer un état équilibre, un excèdent budgétaire, ou un déficit budgétaire.

ABSTRACT: The financial management of an economic activity is one of the most important tasks as part of the Financial Accountancy function. The management of the relations with Customers and Suppliers holds an important place in this activity.
The large number of both Suppliers and Customers and also the object and the relationship conditions between the Economic Agent and then make it a rather intricate problem.

ABSTRACT: The mission formulating has as purpose the personalization, particularization of university. It reflects through what it will be differentiate by other university, wich will has their own identitate, the character and the way that it will traverse in its development.

ABSTRACT: In this paper it makes appeal to the output theory and the definition output function is characterized by some economical-mathematic indicators. The output concept is quite large and it refers at both material goods production through economical-industrial processings, and at work execution on service performances.

ABSTRACT: The function of Internal Audit is executed according to the Norms defined by the Profession. It is organized at international level and it complies with common rules which are self-imposed.

ABSTRACT: The complex conditions and realities of the production processes of the mining industry require equally complex and highly developed theoretical-abstract instruments for their scientific investigation and research. One of these instruments could be identified in the production function of type B (Gutenberg). The present approach tries to outline a historical evolution of the concept of production function, to describe the main stipulations of Gutenberg’s concept, and finally, to advance some considerations regarding the possibilities of using this function for the study of processes in the mining industry, drawing rather valuable conclusions from this attempt.

ABSTRACT: The main task of the banker is to act, no matter the circumstances, as a real professional, that is with thorough knowledge (in applying the legal and traditional norms), prudently (without exposing himself to futile risks), and diligently, with moderation and balance; such qualities are considered to be opportune by the Swiss code of bank behavior.

ABSTRACT: Taking into account the process of transition from a planned centralized economy, almost entirely based upon a state monopolist property and controlled by a unique political force, to an economy founded on private property ,economic liberalism, competition and the real use of economic and social resources, a special attention should be paid to credit and especially to the banking agricultural credit, taking into consideration the part and place it detains within the financial and economic mechanism of adjustment and stabilization of economic processes that take place in agriculture in this extremely restless period.

ABSTRACT: Der Artikel stellt die Möglichkeiten dar, Verfahren der artifiziellen Inteligenz (artifizielle neuronale Netze, Expertsystemen) im Bereich der Finanzen und Buchhaltung, anzuwenden.

ABSTRACT: Der Artikel stellt die Möglichkeiten dar, Verfahren der artifiziellen Inteligenz (artifizielle neuronale Netze, Expertsystemen) im Bereich der Finanzen und Buchhaltung, anzuwenden.

ABSTRACT Comparing the definition of small and medium-sized enterprises from Romania with the one recommended by the EU, it is observed the fact that the point of view of number of employees, this is identical. From point of view of turnover, the Romanian definition is more restrictive, the maxim level of this being at 8 million EURO, comparing with the similar condition from UE

ABSTRACT: After 1989 our country strongly experienced the public administration reform necessity. One of public administrations reform’s objectives was to attract the citizens in planning and checking activities developed in the public sector and to create "an electronic administration" trying to improve the quality and the rapidity of services offered, using electronic aids.
Public authorities are frequently assisted in promoting the social partnership process by the NGO. We must recognize that the NGO begin to have a main role in promoting a real relation between governs and citizens. In the eyes of public opinion the NGO present great credibility, because they are not submitted to governmental politics, commercial or political ambitions. They also have more flexibly structures, that aren’t subdue to bureaucracy and hierarchies and the personal usually is volunteer, and not financial motivated ones.
The IT society development and the introduction of communication technologies create "an electronic administration". Public administration will be modernized and the main goal of authorities will be to increase the efficiencies of public services and to make them compatible with European standards. Through IT public administration will be able to collect local taxes on-line, to make public acquisitions through electronic auction and to create advantageous conditions for communication through videoconference system,

ABSTRACT: After 1989 our country strongly experienced the public administration reform necessity. One of public administrations reform’s objectives was to attract the citizens in planning and checking activities developed in the public sector and to create "an electronic administration" trying to improve the quality and the rapidity of services offered, using electronic aids.
Public authorities are frequently assisted in promoting the social partnership process by the NGO. We must recognize that the NGO begin to have a main role in promoting a real relation between governs and citizens. In the eyes of public opinion the NGO present great credibility, because they are not submitted to governmental politics, commercial or political ambitions. They also have more flexibly structures, that aren’t subdue to bureaucracy and hierarchies and the personal usually is volunteer, and not financial motivated ones.
The IT society development and the introduction of communication technologies create "an electronic administration". Public administration will be modernized and the main goal of authorities will be to increase the efficiencies of public services and to make them compatible with European standards. Through IT public administration will be able to collect local taxes on-line, to make public acquisitions through electronic auction and to create advantageous conditions for communication through videoconference system,

ABSTRACT: Using actuarial calculation based on mathematical statistics and economics in order to elaborate and substantiate the tariffs that should be applied by the company. The business environment for the insurance- reinsurance companies is totally inadequate, being turbulent, because lots of companies are setting prices without any efficiency calculations.

ABSTRACT: The paper suggests the presentation of an informatics system for the automatic administrative data processing of the budgetary activity proposed foe implementation at the Court of Counts, Romania, through which there can be achieved and arranged the information in a real time, so that the negatives phenomenon that can appear to be cleared.